GENERATION SYSTEMS

We provide consulting services on modeling and conduct specialized electrical studies for power generation plants. Among the studies we offer are: power flow, fault simulation (short-circuit), and transient stability in order to evaluate the protections of the generators and their interaction with the auxiliary protection systems of the plant. We also perform electrical generator protection coordination studies with substation that serves as interconnection with the system.

Power Flow Studies

  • Considerations on Interconnected to System Plant Generator and auxiliary system
  • Considerations on Non-Interconnected (Islanded) Plant Generator and auxiliary system

Short-Circuit Studies

  • Considerations of External Faults to the Plant and evaluation of the protections
  • Considerations of Internal Faults in the Plant and evaluation of the protections
  • Simulations and calculations of Internal Faults in the generator area and evaluation of protection operations
  • Simulation and calculations of failures in the Auxiliary System of the plant and evaluation of the coordination and operation of the
    protections

Coordination Studies of Electrical Protections in Generation Systems

  • Coordination of Generator Protections with auxiliary systems
  • Coordination of Generator Protections with Transmission, Distribution and Industrial systems
  • Coordination of Generator Protections with Control systems
Calculation or Evaluations of the primary and backup protection functions,
typically:
 
  • Generator differential protection (87S, 87G)
  • Overcurrent protection (51P)
  • Voltage-dependent Overcurrent Protection (51V)
  • Impedance protection (21)
  • Undervoltage protection (27P)
  • Overvoltage protection (59P)
  • Under-frequency protection (81U)
  • Over-frequency protection (81O)
  • Loss of excitation protection (40)
  • Unbalance (Negative Sequence) protection (46)
  • Reverse Power (anti-motoring) protection (32)
  • Stator Ground Fault Protection (59N, 27TN, 64S, 59TH, 67N)
  • Overexcitation protection (24)
  • Protection against inadvertent energization (50/27)
  • Loss of synchronism protection (78)
  • Breaker failure protection (50/62BF)
  • Synchronization (25)
Generators Step-up Unit Transformers (GSUT) and/or Unit Auxiliary Transformers (UAT) protection calculations and coordination studies.

Protections and coordination studies for the auxiliary system of the generating plants 

Transient stability, power swings oscillations and generators critical clearing time studies

Analysis and Evaluation of Electrical Faults to determine Root Cause